4^th International Conference and Expo on Ceramics and Composite Materials May 14-15, 2018 Holiday Inn Rome Aurelia, Rome, Italy

Biography:

N. Makarov’s scientific activity is dedicated to the creation of new types of ceramic materials, the study of their properties and makes a significant contribution to the development of the physic-chemistry of the processes underlying the technology of ceramics for special purposes, including nanomaterials. Scientific interests lie in the field of chemistry and technology of materials with a controlled structure and given properties based on aluminum and zirconium oxides, as well as oxygen-free compounds; directed control of the formation of the structure of ceramics from oxides and anoxic compounds; development of the theory and mechanism of sintering of ceramic materials modified by additives of various nature; development of energy- and resource-efficient technologies of ceramic materials possessing a high level of physic-mechanical properties and a low temperature of sintering.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: The ZrO₂-Al₂O₃ system is key for the synthesis of various structural materials; in particular, it is promising for manufacturing of wear-loaded items like friction pairs, cutting tools, etc. One of the most important issues in zirconia ceramics technology is that ZrO₂ is subject to intensive recrystallization at temperatures exceeding 1100-1200 °C. This phenomenon leads to a martensitic transformation, accompanied by a significant drop in mechanical strength.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: An effective way to prevent recrystallization is to affect the grain of zirconia with an external compressive load, since in the stressed state the tetragonal solid solution does not decompose. It is possible to create an external load by introducing a second phase into the material, the role of which is taken up by alumina. The aim of the work is to create ceramic materials in the ZrO₂-Al₂O₃ system, with predominant zirconium dioxide, having a sintering temperature of 1400-1550 °C, and high mechanical properties. An attempt was made to reduce sintering temperature by the addition of eutectic aids to the batch. The influence of various types of alumina (commercial, obtained by chemical precipitation) on the structural properties, mechanical strength and microstructure parameters was analyzed. Zirconia was obtained by chemical precipitation, partial stabilization was carried out using yttrium chloride. To control the structure and properties of ceramics, modifiers were used in CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ and MnO-TiO₂ systems.

Findings: It was found that ceramics with eutectic additives CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ and MnO-TiO₂ in the ratio 1: 1 possesses the greatest mechanical strength - 750 ± 35 MPa. Conclusion & Significance: This ceramic material is characterized by the highest mycrohardness of 1200 N/mm². The material is promising for use as elements of stop valves, mill bodies, cutting tools; wear-resistant structural parts, etc.

Biography:

Satoshi Sugita has his expertise in ceramic powder processing. His homogeneous precipitation method to prepare the precursors of ceramic powders provides the opportunity to obtain nano-sized basic metal salts, which converts easily soft agglomerated ceramic powders, i.e. nano fibrillar g-alumina, spherical a-alumina, spherical and fibrous mullite, etc. With this homogeneous precipitation, ammonium bisulfite is used as precipitant, and the control of the reaction conditions are very simple. This technique has the great possibility of preparing different types of ceramic powders.

Abstract:

High quality ceramic powders can be produced by homogeneous precipitation. This method permits to control purity, particle size, shape, distribution and homogeneity, as known these factors play a very important role in the properties of finished ceramic materials. Alumina nano-sized particles could be obtained starting from the admixture of solutions of aluminum sulfate and ammonium bisulfite. The homogeneous precipitation carried out at pH 4.2, when the mixture of solutions was heated to the decomposition and boiling temperature. Nano-, spherical with narrow size distribution, and soft agglomerated, the basic aluminum sulfate (BAS) was easily produced. The powder was heated at 950 ^oC to decompose sulfate and then was calcined a 1250 ^oC to transform to a-alumina. Otherwise, treating BAS with aqueous ammonium solution, the precipitate could be transformed to nano-sized fibrillar pseudoboehmite, which could be transformed to g-alumina by calcining. On the other hand, to prepare mullite precursor, initially the silica nano powder (Aerosil 200, Degussa) was dispersed in water and mixed with the solutions of aluminum sulfate and ammonium bisulfite. The admixture was heated to the decomposition and boiling temperature, in which a precipitate of silica covered with BAS was produced. This precursor was transformed to mullite heating at 1250 ^oC. The other application example of this homogeneous precipitation is used to prepare in the fabrication of basic chromium sulfate. Starting from the admixture of solutions of chromium sulfate and ammonium bisulfite, the basic chromium sulfate can be precipitated. But in the last case it is not easy for all chromium precipitate since chromium forms a water soluble complex with ammonia. Even though, almost every chromium can be precipitated. In this presentation, a simple useful technique of homogeneous precipitation for preparing the basic sulfate salts of metals starting from the admixture of metal ion-sulfate-sulfite-ammonia aqueous system is discussed.

Biography:

Fidan Tonza graduated from Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Fine Arts, and Department of Ceramics in 2007. She completed her Master of Arts Degree at the same university on the subject of “Research of Eastern Mysticism, Anatolian Sufism and Ceramic Applications” in 2012. She completed her Ph.D. at Dokuz Eylul University on the subject of “The Asociation of Street Art With Ceramic Material”. She has participated in several international and national exhibitions. She has also received 3 awards. In 2011 she founded her own studio “Fidan Tonza Art Studio” in Izmir. In 2017, she started to work as an assistant professor at Samsun Ondokuz Mayıs University of Fine Arts Faculty, Ceramic-Glass Department.

Abstract:

Street in the public space, as the area belonging to everybody, comes out as the most important place where the pulse of the city is thrown. The heterogeneous structure that emerges with urbanization comes to the forefront with the multitude of voices it creates and is the voice of the discourse of the individual's living space. Public spaces and frame Political structure have shaped from past to the present-day in public space in the context of social relationships. The street art, which has positioned the street as a public space in the center, but with the timeframe of the freedom of expression of its own field, has existed directly in this area. The street art that transcends the boundaries and becomes widespread continues to show its diversity of working examples in different disciplines today and forms a space for the formation of new discourses together with elements belonging to the street. The use of ceramic materials in the public space, on the street, provides important practices for opening new areas in street art. At the forefront of these approaches that change the perception of traditional materials, street art has a dynamic connection with art, especially with the use of ceramics and the viewer factor that directly relate to it. Contrary to the fast performance process of street art, ceramic material contains slow and different application items, also points to the existence of a planned production process with the approach of different disciplines in street art. Apart from the gallery and museum concept of exhibition space, the use of ceramics, which are familiar to view, is emphasized in this work. Furthermore, except of the use of ceramic material as a building material in urban aesthetics, it also focused on its existence as an artistic discourse. The aim of this work is to develop and exemplify different expansions in the name of ceramics art in the direction of the experiences and practices of the unexpected dynamics of the street in the process from the production process to the exhibition on the street as a public place.

Biography:

Fidan Tonza graduated from Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Fine Arts, and Department of Ceramics in 2007. She completed her Master of Arts Degree at the same university on the subject of “Research of Eastern Mysticism, Anatolian Sufism and Ceramic Applications” in 2012. She completed her Ph.D. at Dokuz Eylul University on the subject of “The Asociation of Street Art With Ceramic Material”. She has participated in several international and national exhibitions. She has also received 3 awards. In 2011 she founded her own studio “Fidan Tonza Art Studio” in Izmir. In 2017, she started to work as an assistant professor at Samsun Ondokuz Mayıs University of Fine Arts Faculty, Ceramic-Glass Department.

Abstract:

Street in the public space, as the area belonging to everybody, comes out as the most important place where the pulse of the city is thrown. The heterogeneous structure that emerges with urbanization comes to the forefront with the multitude of voices it creates and is the voice of the discourse of the individual's living space. Public spaces and frame Political structure have shaped from past to the present-day in public space in the context of social relationships. The street art, which has positioned the street as a public space in the center, but with the timeframe of the freedom of expression of its own field, has existed directly in this area. The street art that transcends the boundaries and becomes widespread continues to show its diversity of working examples in different disciplines today and forms a space for the formation of new discourses together with elements belonging to the street. The use of ceramic materials in the public space, on the street, provides important practices for opening new areas in street art. At the forefront of these approaches that change the perception of traditional materials, street art has a dynamic connection with art, especially with the use of ceramics and the viewer factor that directly relate to it. Contrary to the fast performance process of street art, ceramic material contains slow and different application items, also points to the existence of a planned production process with the approach of different disciplines in street art. Apart from the gallery and museum concept of exhibition space, the use of ceramics, which are familiar to view, is emphasized in this work. Furthermore, except of the use of ceramic material as a building material in urban aesthetics, it also focused on its existence as an artistic discourse. The aim of this work is to develop and exemplify different expansions in the name of ceramics art in the direction of the experiences and practices of the unexpected dynamics of the street in the process from the production process to the exhibition on the street as a public place.

Biography:

Ceren Peksen received the B.E. degree in ceramic engineering from the Dumlupinar University and the MSc and PhD degrees in ceramic engineering from the Anadolu University Institute of Science, Turkiye, in 2006 and 2012, respectively. In 2014, she joined the Department of Ceramic and Glass, Ondokuz Mayis University, as a lecturer and became an Assistant Professor. Her current research interests include ceramic powder synthesis, ceramic surface coatings, bioceramics, antibacterial materials and materials characterization.

Abstract:

Long-term survival and favorable outcome of orthopaedic implant use are determined by bone-implant osseointegration and absence of infection near the implants. To enhance resistance to colonization, implant materials may be modified with antimicrobial coatings. The mechanism of the antimicrobial action of silver ions is closely related to their interaction with thiol groups.  In this study, Ag⁺ ion doped calcium phosphate based ceramic nanopowder coated Ti6AlV implants were evaluated to prevent implant-related infection by comparing hydroxyapatite (HA) coated and uncoated titanium implants in vivo. Ag⁺ ion doped calcium phosphate based nano-powder were deposited on Ti6Al4V implants by using elestrospray deposition technique. Electrospray coated samples were sintered under high vacuum by RF (radio frequency). After sintering process surface morphologies of implants were observed with scanning electron microscope. Prior to surgery, rabbits were randomised to receive either coated implants or uncoated implants. First group of the implants were coated with Ag⁺ ion doped nano size calcium phosphate based ceramic powder. Second group of the implants were coated with hydroxyapatite(HA), and the remaining implants (Group 3) were used without any coating. Implants were inserted left femurs of animals from knee regions with retrograde fashion. Before implantation of implants 50 µl solution containing 10⁶ CFU/ml methicillin reistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) injected intramedullary canal. Rabbits were monitored for 10 weeks. At the end of the 10 weeks animals were sacrificed and rods were extracted in a sterile fashion. Swab cultures were taken from intramedullary canal. Bacteria on titanium rods were counted. Histopathological evaluation of bone surrounding implants was also performed. In conclusion, Ag⁺ ion doped calcium phosphate based ceramic nano powder coated Ti6Al4V implants may prevents bacterial colonisation and infection compared with those for implants without coating and HA coated implants.