2^nd International Conference and Expo on Ceramics and Composite Materials July 25-26, 2016 Berlin, Germany

Chih-Kuang Wang has completed his PhD from National Cheng Kung University and Post-doctoral studies from Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) in Taiwan. He is a staff member of the Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry and also the investigator working in the Orthopaedic Research Center (ORC) at Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU). He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals, 5 kinds patent have been acquired, and 3 kinds patent application are in process.

The key advantages of a 3D printed biodegradable scaffolds are custom control of shape, porosity, pore connectivity, material composition, site-specific drug/growth factor delivery, and orientation. Another limitation in 3D printed parts is that the mechanical properties of printed objects do not always resemble the repaired tissue in terms of modulus, and strength. Improvement in mechanical strength often resulted in compromise in biodegradability or biocompatibility. Clinical reported that porous biphasic bioceramics of hydroxyapatite/-tricalcium phosphate (Hap/-TCP) can promote osteoconduction during new bone formation in in vivo experiments. However, the brittle nature of porous bioceramic substitutes cannot match the toughness of bone, which limits the use of these materials for clinical load-bearing applications. Fortunately, our novel methods to enhance mechanical properties are mainly based on the admixture of a combustible reverse negative thermo-responsive hydrogel (poly(N-isopropylacrylamide base) that burns away during sintering in the resulting object. This method can be regarded as functioning in a manner similar to the cold isostatic press (CIP) step before the powder sintering densification process. In other words, sintering densification is expected via free volume contraction, which will increase the mechanical properties after the formation of the porous bioceramics. We will develop the curved shape bioceramic block with interpenetrating channels for bone reconstruction. The study aimed to investigate the processing chain, the dimensional accuracy and the mechanical and physical characteristics of the implants.

Vasily Tarnopolskiy has completed his PhD in 2003 from Russian Academy of Sciences and Post-doctoral studies from Samsung SDI (S. Korea), Muenster University (Germany) and CEA (France). His interests include lithium-ion batteries, high-voltage cathodes, solid electrolytes, all-solid Li cells.

Today battery safety is one of the main problems blocking the market of electric vehicles. Toxic and flammable liquid electrolytes are responsible for most of the safety incidents including electrolyte leakage, ignition and cell explosion. It is critical to address such safety concerns when scaling up the battery size for use in electric transport and stationary applications. Solid lithium-ion conductors have granted much attention as candidates to replace liquid electrolytes in Li-ion batteries due to the following possible advantages: non-flammability, non-reactivity, higher thermal stability, absence of leakage, large electrochemical window, ease of miniaturization and excellent storage stability. However, solid-state Li-ion batteries have their issues: low ionic conductivity, difficult implementation and volume changes are some of the reported limitations. CEA LITEN has a broad experience in development of conventional Li-ion cells with liquid electrolyte. The studies of solid electrolyte implementation have been initiated to meet the demands of car-makers. Nowadays, a number of techniques have been reported in literature to incorporate solid electrolyte into the Li cell but still there is no commercial product. The main problems are the interfacial resistance due to poor contact between particles, chemical and electrochemical interactions between components of the cell. Our lab develops ceramic and glassy solid electrolytes to improve the battery safety and employ advanced electrode active materials. One of the amitious targets is to adapt the approaches from the world of ceramics to create a «one stone» dense Li-ion cell. In this study, two aspects of solid electrolyte implementation will be discussed: one relates to conductive membrane stabilization; another deals with composite electrodes. Ceramic Li7La3Zr2O12 having a garnet structure and softer Li10SnP2S12 are used as a solid electrolytes. These electrolytes have different physical properties which allows using different implementation methods.

Tran Minh Thi has got his academic degree as an Doctor from the Institution, Faculty of Physics, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi city, Vietnam.

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) is a conductive polymer having strong polarized carbonyl (–C=O) group, in which oxygen atom is able to coordinated bond with Zn2+ and Mn2+ ions on the surface of ZnS:Mn nanoparticles. Under the effect of ultraviolet radiation, electrons of PVP chains can be absorption, radiation transitions HOMO LUMO and then energy transfer to ZnS:Mn nanopartiles. This paper present the preparation process of PVP capped ZnS:Mn nanoparticles, in which ZnS:Mn nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation method, after that they were dispersed in PVP matrix. Microstructure, morphology and average crystalline size of PVP capped ZnS:Mn (ZnS:Mn/PVP) nanoparticles were determined by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential gravimetric analysis thermographs (DTG). Fourier transfer infrared absorption spectra (FT-IR). The results show that the capping of ZnS:Mn nanoparticles by PVP almost do not change crystalline structure with average particle size about of 3.6 – 4 nm. The optical properties of PVP capped ZnS:Mn nanoparticles were investigated by UV-Vis absorption spectra, photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra. The capping of ZnS:Mn nanoparticles by PVP mass almost not change the peak position of bands characterized to absorption and radiation transitions of Mn2+ ions in PLE and PL spectra. But their intensities were changed according to PVP mass and the PL intensity increase stronger with appropriate PVA mass. From achieved experimental results, the absorption and radiation transitions of Mn2+ ions in PVP capped ZnS:Mn nanoparticles were studied and explained

Sang-Won Park received his DDS degree (1985) and PhD (1995) from Chonnam National University, South Korea. Since 2000, he has been a Professor of Prosthodontics, Chonnam National University. He served as Visiting Professor at University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio from 2002 to 2003. He is a Prosthodontist, but has the experience of implant surgery and prosthesis over 20 years and his research interests has been focused on implant surfaces and zirconia prosthesis. He has published articles in international peer-reviewed journals and is co-author of several books and serves on the editorial board of Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics. He was the Chairman of Dept. of Prosthodontics and a Director of Chonnam National University Dental Hospital.

Zirconia surface modification technique, especially, glass infiltrated zirconia method is one of the most effective method on producing a composite with more desirable properties than the individual components. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the mechanical properties and initial cell response of glass infiltrated zirconia ceramic before and after sandblasting. 100 zirconia specimens were divided into the following 4 groups, according to the surface treatments: untreated zirconia (control), sandblasted zirconia (S), glass infiltrated zirconia (G), and sandblasted glass infiltrated zirconia (GS). Surface roughness (Ra) was determined using a nanosurface 3D optical profiler. Biaxial flexural strength was measured by universal testing machine, according to ISO 6872. Vicker’s indentation test was performed to estimate the material hardness (Hv). MC3T3 osteoblast-like cells proliferation and attachment were examined for 1 day and 3 days. Glass infiltration depth, surface morphology, and indentation patterns were characterized under a high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s HSD pairwise multiple comparisons were performed on all the test. GS group showed a slight decrease in hardness, but revealed the improvement of flexural strength (686.2 MPa). After sandblasting, GS group had the highest surface roughness (Ra=1.24 µm) compared to the other groups, and supported an enhanced osteoblast cells response than the untreated zirconia. FE-SEM images of the glass infiltrated zirconia surface microstructure showed a smooth surface before sandblasting. After sandblasting, the new surface exhibited roughness with the formation of shallow irregularities. The results of this study indicated the beneficial influence of graded structures in the design of zirconia implant, possibly also all-ceramic crowns and ridges restoration. The glass infiltrating process could be used as a promising method to enhance the mechanical properties with better surface roughness of zirconia implant for osteoblast cells response. Limitation of this study related to the experiment conditions which may different from the actual clinical situation.

Mahmoud Nasr El-Din Mohammed has completed his PhD from Al-Azhar University. He has published 5 papers in journals and conferences (some other papers are submitted to international journals). He is a PI and member in two NRC internal projects. He has suprvised MSc thesis. In addition, he participated in some conferences and workshops.

Al-10 wt% Al2O3 metal matrix composite (MMC) was synthesized by mechanical alloying technique. The effect of milling time and consequently the distribution of Al2O3 through the Al matrix, on the properties of the obtained powder composites were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate their phase composition and morphology. The powders were cold pressed under 10 MPa and sintered in argon atmosphere at different temperatures (300, 370 and 470°C) for 1 h. The relative density and apparent porosity of the sintered samples were determined by Archimedes method, their microstructure was investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) attached with energy dispersive spectrometer unit (EDS) and their microhardness was measured. The results showed that no notification of phase changes during milling, and as the milling time was gradually increased the crystallite and particle sizes were decreased, while the internal micro-strain increased. It was also found that the relative density increased with increasing milling time and sintering temperature, while the apparent porosity decreased. The micro-hardness of the sintered composites increased with increasing milling time.

Jae Chul Bang has completed his PhD from Virginia Tech. He is the Professor of Soonchunhyang University in Korea and has been studying on ceramics for various applications.

Glass-ceramics with special properties are suitable for application in dental implants. In this study, we synthesized glass-ceramics based on miserite or wollastonite system. The composition and heat treatment were studied for their effect on the formation of the crystalline phases and on the resulting mechanical properties, such as hardness, fracture toughness, and bending strength. Various colors in Vita shades were achieved by the addition of various metal oxides such as Er2O3, Fe2O3, and Mn2O3.

Vytautas Ostaševicius is the Director of Kaunas University of Technology, Institute of Mechatronics, co-author of 5 monographs in dynamics of systems, his scientific findings presented in over 300 articles and applied to 40 inventions and patents. Under his guidance, the institute developed a series of methods and applications for vibration assisted machining, cloud manufacturing and healthcare, and expanded international research cooperation to institutions, such as Fraunhofer IPT. Gytautas Baleviius is a Mechanical Engineering, PhD student at Kaunas University of Technology, Institute of Mechatronics. Focus of his doctoral thesis - brittle-ductile transition of brittle materials during vibration assisted machining.

Employment of new materials, into existing production processes, commonly challenges the suitability of existing machining methods by imposing new conditions in order to maintain machinability, or preserve the integrity of the material in question. This case is most prominent when finishing surfaces of hard-brittle materials, like glass, ceramics, alloys, metals etc. Main limits imposed on conventional machining processes, concern the scale of machining, as it must be low enough to maintain ductile regime deformation. The main challenges in this case are, the necessity of real time, seamless monitoring and analysis of performance metrics of the process and the need for increasing ductile regime machining limit or brittle-ductile transition. Presented in the poster are findings of recent glass, and PZT ceramic vibration assisted drilling and binderless tungsten carbide vibration assisted side grinding experiments, performed by the Kaunas University of Technology Institute of Mechatronics and in cooperation with Fraunhofer Institute of Production Technology. Effect of vibration on brittle-ductile transition is discussed and current modelling efforts are presented. Wireless, self-charging sensors, developed by Institute of Mechatronics are proposed as a monitoring solution for the real time, seamless monitoring and analysis of performance metrics problem. Potential application benefits of wireless, self-charging sensors and their integration into cloud manufacturing systems, for machining of hard-brittle materials, are introduced.

Emre Seker has completed his undergraduate education and PhD from Ankara University and Near East University respectively. He still studies as a lecturer and clinical specialist at Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Prosthodontics as an assistant professor position. He has published more than 30 papers and presentations, and continues to study on surface treatment techniques of dental materials, CADCAM dentistry and plasma technology.

This study aimed to evaluate the surface roughness and wetting properties of Zirconium as a prosthetic material after different durations of argon plasma-jet surface treatment. Six yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) discs were machined and smoothed with silicon polishing discs. The surface roughness was evaluated in a control group and in groups with different plasma-jet exposure application times [15-30-60-90-120 seconds (s.)]. The average surface roughness (Ra) and contact angle (CA) measurements were recorded via an atomic force microscope (AFM) and tensiometer, respectively. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey HSD test (α =.05). According to the results, the argon plasma-jet surface treatment significantly affected the wettability properties (P < 0.05), but there is no significant between application time and surface roughness changes (P > 0.05). With an increase in the application time, a remarkable reduction in CA was observed. With the limitation of this study it can be concluded that the argon plasma-jet could enhance the wetting performance of Y-TZP but the effect on roughenning not been clearly established.

Basak Kusakci Seker has completed her undergraduate education and PhD from Hacettepe University and Near East University respectively. She still studies as a lecturer and clinical specialist at Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Periodontology as an Assistant Professor position. She has published more than 20 papers and presentations and continues to study on dental implant surgery, dental laser applications, plasma disenfection and wound healing and bone regeneration techniques.

Six titanium (Ti Grade 5) discs were machined and smoothed with silicon polishing discs. The surface roughness was evaluated in a control group and in groups with different plasma-jet exposure application times [15-30-60-90-120 seconds (s.)]. The average surface roughness (Ra) and contact angle (CA) measurements were recorded via an atomic force microscope (AFM) and tensiometer, respectively. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey HSD test (α =.05). According to the results, the argon plasma-jet surface treatment significantly affected the roughness and wettability properties (P < 0.05). With an increase in the application time, an apparent increment was observed for Ra and a remarkable reduction in CA was observed in all groups. It concluded that the argon plasma-jet technology could enhance the roughening and wetting performance of Grade 5 Titanium.

Jinting Tan is studying in Xi’an Jiaotong University for the Doctor degree. She has published more than 12 papers in reputed journals, such as Ceramics International and Journal of Materails Science.

Porous BiScO3-0.64PbTiO3 (BS-0.64PT) ceramics were fabricated by using burnable plastic sphere technique (BURPS). The volume fraction of poly methyl methacrylate microsphere (PMMA) was changed from 10 vol% to 50 vol% for higher porosity. As sintering temperature increased from 1000°C to 1150°C, average grain size of porous BS-0.64PT ceramics with different volume fraction of PMMA increased evidently from 1.02 μm to 9.0 μm, while pore shape was nearly sphere with no obvious difference in pore size. Relative permittivity (Ɛr) increased slightly with increasing sintering temperature. Piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of porous ceramics with 10~30 vol%PMMA sintered at 1100°C was about 430 pC/N, which was higher than that of sintered at 1000°C, 1050°C, 1150°C. When the PMMA content was 40~50 vol%, d33 decreased gradually with increasing sintering temperature. Electromechanical coupling coefficients (kp, kt), mechanical quality factor (Qm), piezoelectric coefficient (d31), hydrostatic voltage coefficient (gh), hydrostatic figure of merit (HFOM) were derived from impedance spectrum. The result demonstrated that the value of gh and HFOM for porous BS-0.64PT ceramics sintered at 1000°C and 1100°C were higher than that sintered at 1050°C and 1150°C. The highest gh and HFOM were 0.025 V/m•Pa and 5867×10-15/Pa respectively, with 30 vol% PMMA and porosity of 21.6% sintered at 1100 °C.

Chettat Yassine is a Researcher in the field of Photovoltaic Energy in CRTSE, Algeria. He is responsible for the Rheology team. He completed his studies in Crystallography with Master’s degree from Ceramics Laboratory of Constantine University. Currently, he is a PhD student at Mhamed Bougara University, Boumerdes. He is working on a project of R&D on ultra-pur Si3N4 coating systems for solar silica crucible for directional solidification of multicrystalline silicon for photovoltaic applications. He has presented 11 presentations in reputed international conferences among which five are Europeans Photovoltaics Solar Energy Conferences and Exhibition. Three papers are under preparation for publication in reputed international scientific journals and one patent is under development for industrial application.

Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) is widely used in numerous applications due to their unique fascinating properties such as high refractoriness, good thermal shock resistance, thermal stability, chemical inertness, resistance to corrosion, and its good oxidation resistance at high temperature. Among them photovoltaic industry where silicon ingot for solar cells manufacturing is crystallized in fused solar silica crucibles lined with thick film of Si3N4 protective coating. The raw Si3N4 coating layer is heated very slowly at atmospheric air until 1100°C, after that it is sintered at this temperature point during three hours to improve its scratch resistance prior to loading the solar grade silicon feedstock in the silica crucible for crystallization. However, such thermal treatment could cause significant oxidation of the Si3N4 coating leading to an increase in oxygen contamination of the silicon ingot. Simultaneous TGA-DTA thermal analyzer type NETZSCH STA 409 PC/PG was used to investigate the intensity of thermal oxidation in air (stability) of higher purity raw Si3N4 powder for solar silica crucible coating preparation at 20°C-1450°C range. The measured TGA/DTA and DTA derivative (DDTA) heat signals of debinded 95% α-Si3N4 green body versus temperature showed an exothermal step between 494.3°C and 544.6°C. At 814.0°C another exothermal effect starts. They showed also that Si3N4 starts oxidizing at 800°C. However, its intense oxidation starts around 950°C where an important increase in the mass of the sample is observed. These results clearly demonstrate how much impurities can influence the thermal behaviour of the Si3N4 material, and that it is unstable above 950°C which could explain the silicon ingot intense contamination by oxygen.

Vojislav Mitic in 1995 has completed his PhD from University of Nis (Serbia). He is a Full Professor at University of Belgrade and Nis. In1995-2006, he was the Director of Electronic Industry Corporation, Serbia – Ei. He has published more than 200 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute. He is a Scientific Adviser at the Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. He is a member of European Academy of Sciences and Arts, member of World Academy of Ceramics and President of Serbian Ceramics Society

It is well known that the microstructure processes influence is very important for electrochemical energy generation. Wordls interest race to develop the new batteries systems, especially based on lithium-ion technologies, are in the research and development focus. Simultaneously, in electric cars technologies development the battery systems getting the increasing role from the point of view how meny times in electrochemical reactions we can perform recharging. Also, beside the electrochemical processes and recharcgable speed the storage capacity has special significance. Based on our previous research in the field of ceramics, generally materials science, enriched by the fractal nature analysis, in this paper we contribute in some fundamental electrochemical laws through fractal corrections in relevant formulas. In that sense, we based this on experiments with BaTiO3-ceramics and different additives (CaZr2O3, Er2O3, Ho2O3, MnCO3, Nb2O5 and Yb2O3) consolidated under the pressing pressure up to 150 MPa and processed in the temperatures from 1190oC to 1380oC. The SEM and EDS analysis are performed. Fractal nature microstructure analysis directly from experiments confirmed new frontiers in direction of electrochemical fractal microelectronics.

Microfluidics is a multidisciplinary science integrating engineering, physics, chemistry, and biotechnology. The application of droplet-based microfluidic technology in polymer science is an emerging research field. We summarize currently developed droplet-based microfluidic technologies of our lab for functional polymers. For example, synthesis of core-shell structure microcapsules with dual pH-responsive drug release function; microfluidic assisted synthesis of silver nanoparticle–chitosan composite microparticles for antibacterial applications; synthesis of uniform core–shell gelatin–alginate microparticles as intestine‐released oral delivery drug carrier; synthesis of uniform poly (d, l‐lactide) and poly (d, l‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) microspheres using a microfluidic chip for comparison; and microfluidic one-step synthesis of Fe3O4-chitosan composite particles and their applications, and the others.