Biography:

M Amlung has completed his PhD in 1998 in Chemistry at Saarland University and has been working since 1996 at INM – Leibniz-Institute for New Materials in Saarbruecken as scientific officer

Abstract:

Introduction: Glass-like coatings are used due to their excellent properties in a broad application field like drug delivery systems or as implant coating for bone repair. However these glass-like coatings can only be generated at relatively high temperatures that limit their application in temperature-sensitive areas. Therefore, new developments and further research is going on to provide useful coatings also in these fields, e.g., as coating for cardiovascular implants.

Methods: Two glass-like coatings have been developed and characterized. These coatings have been applied using the well-known sol-gel-technique and tempered at moderate temperatures in different atmospheres. Afterwards the biocompatibility using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) has been investigated.

Results: The developed glass-like coatings possess excellent optical, chemical, and biological properties. By altering the existing sintering atmosphere, the cellular growth could be selectively influenced in a positive and a negative way. Additionally the coatings have been proven to be of radiolucent nature that makes them attractive for different fields.

Conclusion: The developed glass-like coatings are promising coatings for a later cardiovascular application. A later usage as closing layer on thin, fine, and sensitive wires like stents is cogitable. First and foremost these coatings can contribute in a better acceptance of an implant in the human body.

Biography:

Csaba Hegedus received his general medicine degree from the Medical University of Debrecen (Hungary) in 1982 and his PhD degree in Medical Sciences from the University of Debrecen (UD) in 2000. He is currently a Full Professor and Head of the Biomaterials and Prosthetic Dentistry Department at the Faculty of Dentistry UD, and also the Dean of the Faculty of Dentistry UD since 2009. His research interest comprises dental materials, the analysis of interfacial systems in dentistry, the metal ceramic-bioceramic and implant surface modification.

Abstract:

Research on the possibility of using zirconia ceramics as biomaterials started about twenty years ago, and now zirconia (Y-YZP) is in clinical use in dentistry, but developments are in still continuing for application in other medical fields. Mechanical properties of zirconia relate to its fine grained, metastable microstructure. The expected performances are due to the stability of this structure during the lifetime of TZP component. TZP materials, containing approximately 2-3% mol Y2O3, are completely constituted by tetragonal grains with sizes of the order of hundreds of nanometers. Basic properties and clinical applications as implants for surgery are now described by the standard ISO 13356. Different zirconia products and their applications were tested (flexural strength, Kic, XRD, SEM). The Kic (MPa • m1/2) Kerox HD (12.97±1.2), Upcera (9.71±1.05), Crystal (10.68±1.28), Sagemax S (9.26±0.8), KeroxET (9.79±0.95), and the flexural strength (MPa) KeroxET 1415±160., Kerox HD 1365±145, Crysta 1267±105, Upcera 1255±145, Sagemax S 1172±135 was respectively. The clinical application of these new ceramics and technologies produced better esthetical effect, however there are not enough long term studies about these new technics. Newly proposed zirconia seems to have good biological and mechanical properties; further studies would be necessary to compare the new systems (zirconia toughened Al2O3, alumina toughened zirconia) and the different products.

Biography:

Salvatore Grasso joined the School of Material Science and Engineering (SEMS) at Queen Mary University of London in 2011 as experienced Researcher in Ceramics Processing. He performed his Doctoral work (2008-2011) at the University of Tsukuba-NIMS (National Institute for Material Science) Japan, where he received a Dean Award for Excellent Doctoral Thesis. His research work was been mainly focused on Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) and other processes assisted by intense electrical (106A) and magnetic fields (>10T). Recently, he pioneered the development of Flash Spark Plasma sintering processes. At present he published 90 papers and 10 patents.

Abstract:

It is well know that due to both localized heating and the reduced sintering time in SPS processing can produce a significant energy saving and metastable microstructures if compared to Hot Pressing. In order to further improve the energy saving, we have developed a very rapid sintering technique called Flash SPS FSPS with heating rates of the order of 5-10 103 áµ’C/minute. Unlike the Flash Sintering based on high voltage, FSPS is based on low voltage and it can be up-scaled to sample volumes of several tens of cubic centimeters. Flash SPS allows densification of ZrB2 up to 95% under a discharge time as short as 35 seconds, which results in an energy saving greater than 95% compared to conventional SPS. A novel processing methodology that allows both preheating and FSPS of silicon carbide based materials (both of α and β SiC) has been developed. We were able to densify a SiC disc (Ф 20 mm) from initial density of 53% up 96% under a discharge time as short as 17s. The rapid densification (i.e. normalized displacement) of SiC by novel FSPS is compared to conventional SPS process. The developed methodology was up-scaled to samples as large as 60 mm. A novel route allowing full consolidation from loose powder to dense bulk in less than 30 seconds was also achieved. Following this recent work, we will present the first attempt of achieving materials flash sintered in contactless mode where the heating rate approaches 105áµ’C/minute. Results on other types of materials like permanent magnets and thermoelectrics (IP pending) is presented. A general understanding of the mechanism is proposed by using FEM simulation, TEM, SEM, ESR etc.

Biography:

Lucie Bacakova, MD, PhD, Assoc. Prof. has graduated from the Faculty of General Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechoslovakia, in 1984. She has completed her PhD from the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, and became Associated Professor at the 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University. She is the Head of the Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague. She is a specialist for studies on cell-material interaction and vascular, bone and skin tissue engineering. She has published more than 200 papers in reputed journals (h-index 29).

Abstract:

Zeolites are microporous aluminosilicate minerals of natural or synthetic origin, which have been extensively used in various technological applications, such as adsorbents and catalysts, laundry detergents, molecular sieves for separation and sorting the molecules according their dimensions. These applications of zeolites were typically related with their porous character (i.e. inner surface, which is as large as ~102 m2/g), and also their ion exchange properties. Another promising field of application of zeolites is biotechnology and medicine, i.e. as alternative adsorbents of uremic toxins in blood purification by dialysis, as chromatographic carriers for purification of proteins and fractionation of cellular components, as potent hemostatics (due to their capacity to adsorb water), as therapeutics against tumors (due to their antioxidative effects), and also as carriers for drug and gene delivery. Fluorinated porous zeolite Y particles have been also incorporated in polymeric scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, where they acted as carriers for delivery of oxygen to cells. Synthetic sodium zeolite A added into cell culture media enhanced synthesis of transforming growth factor-, activity of alkaline phosphatase and production of osteocalcin in normal human osteoblast-like cells. In addition, the zeolite A inhibited bone resorption. In our studies, we concentrated on silicalite films for potential coating of bone implants, and we found that these films supported the adhesion, growth, viability and alkaline phosphatase in an extent similar or even higher than standard cell culture polystyrene dishes.

Biography:

Vladimir Buljak has completed his PhD at Politecnico di Milano in the year 2009. Currently, he holds the position of Associate Professor at the University of Belgrade and he is also in charge of a course Theory of Plasticity at Politecnico di Milano, as a visiting Professor. He has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and one monograph on Inverse Analysis published by Springer. He is the scientist in charge for the University of Belgrade within the PF7 project CERMAT2.

Abstract:

Micro-cracking induced by cooling within polycrystalline ceramics with strong anisotropy of crystal thermal expansion is a well-acknowledge phenomenon. Formation of such cracks is directly affecting macroscopic elastic properties, as polycrystalline ceramics are presenting a drop in Young’s modulus value when cooled down from firing temperature. This effect can be numerically modeled, but the adopted approach has to be multi-scale, what makes it particularly challenging. This study presents some preliminary results, obtained considering a multi-scale model for thermally induced micro-cracking. Modeling of grain-boundary micro cracking is performed by insertion of cohesive elements. Developed numerical model is first used for qualitative analysis of the influence of grain size and their orientation to the macroscopic properties of polycrystalline ceramics. In a subsequent phase, a calibration procedure is designed based on inverse analysis in which macroscopic properties are used to calibrate parameters of cohesive crack model. Such approach is centered on a minimization of discrepancy function designed to quantify the difference between experimentally measured quantities and their computed counterpart. Resulting minimization problem is solved by a non-linear mathematical programming, using the quadratic form of discrepancy function. Results from preliminary computational exercises corroborate the conclusion that the employment of inverse analysis is advantageous in the present context. This methodology leads from experimental data to parameter estimates through computer simulation, connecting micro-scale parameter’s values to macroscopic properties of interest.

Biography:

Sergei Kulkov has completed his Graduation and Post-graduation in Physics department from Tomsk State University in the year 1975 and 1979 respectively. He has published around 150 articles, has 24 Russian patents and is the author and co-author of 6 books. He is a member of American Ceramic Society. He is a Professor of Material Sciences department and Head of the Department of Theory of Strength and Mechanics of Solids at Tomsk State University and also Head of Ceramics department at the Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Abstract:

Applications of ceramics for biomedical usages had a special interest now. The most actively developed studies in this area are investigations of zirconia ceramic included in ISO register as a material for bone replacement. Ceramics based on zirconia stabilized with magnesium oxide is involved in protein synthesis and DNA processes, stabilization of DNA molecules, RNA and ribosomes. In this paper were studied pore structure and phase composition of ceramic composite material ZrO2(Mg)-MgO at different sintering temperatures. It has been shown that during sintering of porous ceramic were formed bimodal porosity structure with mean size 26-30 and 94-110 µm. It has been shown that main mechanical characteristics of the material were determined and it was shown, that they are close to the characteristics of natural bone tissues. Ceramic strength directly depends on microstresses and at high microstresses ceramic has a low strength. In vitro studies were shown that the tested materials are not cytotoxic, cultured MMS cells on the surface of the samples have high viability and osteogenic differentiation ability, and the presence of cell clusters in the pores of the samples may indicate their proliferation.

Biography:

Mojtaba Biglar is a PhD student at the Rzeszow University of Technology.

Abstract:

The main aim of this investigation is to manufacture the barium titanate powder by solid state, fabricate the barium titanate granulate material and finally sintered material in order to verify if this material can be successful utilised for manufacturing the general part of the stacked-disk multilayer actuators. The pellets were performed by spilling the mould for uniaxial pressing of the external diameter of 11.5 mm with BaTiO3 granulate of the weight of 0.6 g and uniaxial pressing under the pressure of 1 MPa. It was found that the values of water absorbability and the apparent porosity grow together with the maximal sintering temperature. To determine the grain size of sintered materials, photos of SEM microstructure of barium titanate after sintering were prepared. The microstructure is composed of both great grains of the dimension from 50 to 100 µm and smaller one of the dimension from 1 to 3 µm. The grains boundaries are very well foreshadowed and the only slender pores can be noticed in the photos. Although, in this approach the obtained microstructure of sinters is very similar to this presented in literature by other authors, in order to receive better result of the barium titanate dielectric constant, the microstructure of sinter must be improved in the direction of the smaller grains getting. In order to verify whether the special designed sintering curves brought the expected grains size of sintered material at high relative density, photos of microstructure and stage of densification were determined and the results were discussed.

Biography:

Eugenio Zapata-Solvas has completed his PhD studies on the role of grain boundaries in the plasticity of advanced ceramics at the University of Seville in 2008. Then, he carried out Post-doctoral studies about physical and chemical properties of UHTCs at Imperial College London and about flash sintering of advanced ceramics at the University of Oxford. He was a research fellow of the Materials Science Institute of Seville working on high temperature physical properties of UHTCs and new technologies for ceramics sintering. Since August 2015, he joined the Centre of Nuclear Engineering of Imperial College London as a Research Associate to work in MAX phase’s development for nuclear applications. He has published around 25 papers in indexed journals.

Abstract:

Electric current assisted sintering (ECAS) techniques, such as electrical discharge sintering (EDS) or resistive sintering (RS), have been intensively investigated for longer than 50 years. In this work, a novel system including an electrically isolated graphite die for Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) is described, which allows the sintering of any refractory ceramic material in less than 1 minute starting from room temperature with heating rates higher than 2000ºC/min and an energy consumption up to 100 times lower than with SPS. The system alternates or combines direct resistive sintering (DRS) and indirect resistive sintering (IRS). Electrical isolation of the die has been achieved through the insertion of a film made of alumina fibers between the graphite die and the graphite punches, which are protected from the alumina fibers film by a graphite foil. This system localized the electric current directly through the sample (conductive materials) as in DRS and EDS, or through the thin graphite foil (non-conductive materials) as in IRS or RS and is the first system capable of being used under EDS or RS conditions independently, combining current concentration/localization phenomena. In addition, geometry elements of the graphite mold used for SPS, such as graphite mold wall thickness or graphite punch diameter, play an important role in the electric field magnitude during sintering. Furthermore, electric field for this novel geometry will be analyzed as well as tailorability of electric field in order to intensify the value of the electric field towards induced flash sintering in a SPS furnace.

Biography:

S K Sinha has completed his PhD in 1997 from Mumbai University (India) and Post-doctoral studies from Department of Physics, University of Padova (Italy). He is Associate Professor at BIT Mesra, a premier Engineering Institute of India. He has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as Editorial Board Member of Int. J. of Multidisciplinary Research and Modern Education.

Abstract:

Hydrixyapatite, abbreviated as HAP or HAp is an important material for orthopedic implants. However due to its weak mechanical strength, thin film of HAP is coated on metallic biomaterials like TiAlV alloy or SS. We propose to coat it on lighter weighted ceramic material alumina. HAP is prepared using sol-gel technique and deposited using dip coating process. Further this sample is implanted with inert ions like Ar to increase the adhesion. Ions energy is chosen such that maximum collisional energy is deposited at the interface of HAP and alumina (HAP/Al2O3). Ions are implanted with different ion doses. Functional groups of HAP were studied by FTIR and compound formation was studied by GXRD technique. Physical properties like variation in nanohardness, adhesion of the film and chemical properties like corrosion in Ringer solution before and after treatment will be discussed. Biological properties like variation in wettability, thrombogenicity and toxicity will be discussed. Scratch test is carried out to check the improvement in adhesion with respect to ion dose. Changes in surface morphology studied using SEM and AFM will also be discussed.

Biography:

Rupita Ghosh is currently pursuing her PhD (2012-present) from National Institute of Technology, Rourkela. She has completed her B Tech in Biotechnology in the year 2012 from West Bengal University of Technology. She has published 2 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

The use of Hydroxy-apatite bio-ceramics as restorative implants is widely known. These materials can be manufactured by pressing and sintering route to a particular shape. However machining processes are still a basic requirement to give a near net shape to those implants for ensuring dimensional and geometrical accuracy. In this context, optimizing the machining parameters is an important factor to understand the machinability of the materials and to reduce the production cost. In the present study a method has been optimized to produce true particulate drilled composite of Hydroxyapatite Yttrium Phosphate. The phosphates are used in varying ratio for a comparative study on the effect of flexural strength, hardness, machining (drilling) parameters and bioactivity. The maximum flexural strength and hardness of the composite that could be attained are 46.07 MPa and 1.02 GPa respectively. Drilling is done with a conventional radial drilling machine aided with dynamometer with high speed steel (HSS) and solid carbide (SC) drills. The effect of variation in drilling parameters (cutting speed and feed), cutting tool, batch composition on torque, thrust force and tool wear are studied. It is observed that the thrust force and torque varies greatly with the increase in the speed, feed and yttrium phosphate content in the composite. Significant differences in the thrust and torque are noticed due to the change of the drills as well. Bioactivity study is done in simulated body fluid (SBF) up-to 28 days. The growth of the bone like apatite has become denser with the increase in the number of days for all the composition of the composites and it is comparable to that of the pure hydroxy-apatite.

Biography:

Vasily Tarnopolskiy has completed his PhD in 2003 from Russian Academy of Sciences and Post-doctoral studies from Samsung SDI (S. Korea), Muenster University (Germany) and CEA (France). His interests include lithium-ion batteries, high-voltage cathodes, solid electrolytes, all-solid Li cells.

Abstract:

Today battery safety is one of the main problems blocking the market of electric vehicles. Toxic and flammable liquid electrolytes are responsible for most of the safety incidents including electrolyte leakage, ignition and cell explosion. It is critical to address such safety concerns when scaling up the battery size for use in electric transport and stationary applications. Solid lithium-ion conductors have granted much attention as candidates to replace liquid electrolytes in Li-ion batteries due to the following possible advantages: non-flammability, non-reactivity, higher thermal stability, absence of leakage, large electrochemical window, ease of miniaturization and excellent storage stability. However, solid-state Li-ion batteries have their issues: low ionic conductivity, difficult implementation and volume changes are some of the reported limitations. CEA LITEN has a broad experience in development of conventional Li-ion cells with liquid electrolyte. The studies of solid electrolyte implementation have been initiated to meet the demands of car-makers. Nowadays, a number of techniques have been reported in literature to incorporate solid electrolyte into the Li cell but still there is no commercial product. The main problems are the interfacial resistance due to poor contact between particles, chemical and electrochemical interactions between components of the cell. Our lab develops ceramic and glassy solid electrolytes to improve the battery safety and employ advanced electrode active materials. One of the amitious targets is to adapt the approaches from the world of ceramics to create a «one stone» dense Li-ion cell. In this study, two aspects of solid electrolyte implementation will be discussed: one relates to conductive membrane stabilization; another deals with composite electrodes. Ceramic Li7La3Zr2O12 having a garnet structure and softer Li10SnP2S12 are used as a solid electrolytes. These electrolytes have different physical properties which allows using different implementation methods.

Biography:

Chih-Kuang Wang has completed his PhD from National Cheng Kung University and Post-doctoral studies from Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) in Taiwan. He is a staff member of the Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry and also the investigator working in the Orthopaedic Research Center (ORC) at Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU). He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals, 5 kinds patent have been acquired, and 3 kinds patent application are in process.

Abstract:

The key advantages of a 3D printed biodegradable scaffolds are custom control of shape, porosity, pore connectivity, material composition, site-specific drug/growth factor delivery, and orientation. Another limitation in 3D printed parts is that the mechanical properties of printed objects do not always resemble the repaired tissue in terms of modulus, and strength. Improvement in mechanical strength often resulted in compromise in biodegradability or biocompatibility. Clinical reported that porous biphasic bioceramics of hydroxyapatite/-tricalcium phosphate (Hap/-TCP) can promote osteoconduction during new bone formation in in vivo experiments. However, the brittle nature of porous bioceramic substitutes cannot match the toughness of bone, which limits the use of these materials for clinical load-bearing applications. Fortunately, our novel methods to enhance mechanical properties are mainly based on the admixture of a combustible reverse negative thermo-responsive hydrogel (poly(N-isopropylacrylamide base) that burns away during sintering in the resulting object. This method can be regarded as functioning in a manner similar to the cold isostatic press (CIP) step before the powder sintering densification process. In other words, sintering densification is expected via free volume contraction, which will increase the mechanical properties after the formation of the porous bioceramics. We will develop the curved shape bioceramic block with interpenetrating channels for bone reconstruction. The study aimed to investigate the processing chain, the dimensional accuracy and the mechanical and physical characteristics of the implants.

Biography:

Tran Minh Thi has got his academic degree as an Doctor from the Institution, Faculty of Physics, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi city, Vietnam.

Abstract:

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) is a conductive polymer having strong polarized carbonyl (–C=O) group, in which oxygen atom is able to coordinated bond with Zn2+ and Mn2+ ions on the surface of ZnS:Mn nanoparticles. Under the effect of ultraviolet radiation, electrons of PVP chains can be absorption, radiation transitions HOMO LUMO and then energy transfer to ZnS:Mn nanopartiles. This paper present the preparation process of PVP capped ZnS:Mn nanoparticles, in which ZnS:Mn nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation method, after that they were dispersed in PVP matrix. Microstructure, morphology and average crystalline size of PVP capped ZnS:Mn (ZnS:Mn/PVP) nanoparticles were determined by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential gravimetric analysis thermographs (DTG). Fourier transfer infrared absorption spectra (FT-IR). The results show that the capping of ZnS:Mn nanoparticles by PVP almost do not change crystalline structure with average particle size about of 3.6 – 4 nm. The optical properties of PVP capped ZnS:Mn nanoparticles were investigated by UV-Vis absorption spectra, photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra. The capping of ZnS:Mn nanoparticles by PVP mass almost not change the peak position of bands characterized to absorption and radiation transitions of Mn2+ ions in PLE and PL spectra. But their intensities were changed according to PVP mass and the PL intensity increase stronger with appropriate PVA mass. From achieved experimental results, the absorption and radiation transitions of Mn2+ ions in PVP capped ZnS:Mn nanoparticles were studied and explained

Biography:

Saliha Ilican received her PhD degree from Anadolu University and is currently working in the same university. Her current research includes in the preparation and characteriaztion of nano-semiconductors and fabrication of their devices. She has published more than 73 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

As a wide-direct-band gap semiconductor with large exciton binding energy (about 60 meV), ZnO is one of the most promising semiconductor materials for the next generation of optoelectronic devices applications in nanodevices. Many useful methods have been used to prepare high quality ZnO thin films, such as, magnetron sputtering, metal-organic chemical vapor deposition, pulsed-laser deposition, molecular beam epitaxy and electrodeposition. Among these methods, the electrodeposition method has some advantages to prepare large area ZnO thin films at low cost and easy technology. Electrodeposition is well known for depositing metals and metallic alloys at the industrial level, with a wide range of applications from large area surface treatments (i.e. zinc electroplating) to most advanced electronic industries. In this study, undoped and boron (B) doped ZnO films were grown by electrochemical deposition onto p-Si substrates from an aqueous route. Aqueous solution of Zn(NO3)26H2O and hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) was prepared using triple distilled water. The different atomic ratios of H3BO3 were used as a dopant element. Electrodepositions were carried out in a conventional three electrode cell for the working electrode (p-Si), reference electrode (Ag/AgCl, sat.) and counter electrode (platin wire). The effects of B doping level on the structural, morphological and optical properties of B doped ZnO films were investigated by means of XRD, FESEM and UV spectrophotemeter, respectively. The optical band gap of the B doped ZnO film deposited on silicon substrate was determined using the reflectance spectra by means of Kubelka-Munk formula.

Biography:

Yasemin Caglar has completed his PhD from Anadolu University and is a Full Professor of Solid State Physics at Anadolu University. She is currently interested in the areas of semiconductors devices, nanoelectronics, organic electronics, metal oxide materials. She has published more than 76 papers in reputed journals, has presented 142 presentations in national/international conference and has been serving as the Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

Transparent conducting oxides having a wide band- gap (>3.0eV) are being used extensively for photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. The physical characteristics of ZnO can be successfully optimized by doping as well as optimizing the various processing conditions. Among them, doping of ZnO with Ni is interesting as these tend to improve its optical, electrical, morphological and structural properties. In this work, we present the study on the variation on the Nickel content on the crystalline quality and optical properties of ZnO obtained by microwave chemical bath deposition (MW-CBD) on to n-Si substrate. The p-Si substrates were cleaned using the suitable procedure. 0.1 M zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2.6H2O;ZnNt), nickel nitrate hexahydrate (Ni(NO3)2.6H2O;NiNt) and an equal molar concentration of hexamethylenetetramine (C6H12N4;HMTA) were dissolved in DI water. Doping precursor various amount of NiNt added separetly into the aqueous ZnNt+HMTA solutions. The solution was stirred 2 h at 90°C. After, solution was irradiated using a temperature-controlled microwave synthesis system at 600 and irradiation times 10 min. The films were washed with DI water to remove the remaining salt. Finally, the films were dried at 60oC for 1 h. Structural characterization of the layers was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) was used to analyze the surface morphology of the ZnO films. The diffuse reflectance spectra of the Ni doped ZnO films were measured and the optical band gap values were determined using Kubelka–Munk theory.

Biography:

Mujdat Caglar is a member of the Physics Department of the University of Anadolu. He studied Condensed Matter Physics at University of Anadolu, starting in 1997. His academic and research interests are in the areas of nanomaterials, nanoelectronics, organic electronics, metal oxide materials. He has published more than 79 papers in international scientific journals and has been serving as the Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

Semiconductor nanorods represent a novel class of materials structure with a number of interesting properties that give them potential applications in optoelectronic devices, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photoelectrochemical systems, and solar cells. A chemical bath deposition (CBD) is attracting attention as low-cost film formation processes. In these processes, nucleation and crystal growth on substrate in solution result in the formation of metal−oxide films. We present a fundamental experimental study of a microwave assisted chemical bath deposition (MW-CBD) method for Mg doped ZnO films. The MW-CBD method was used to prepare nanorod Mg doped ZnO (1% and 10%) films onto p-Si substrates. Zinc nitrate hexahydrate and magnesium nitrate were the precursor materials and doping source materials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy had been used to analyze the morphological properties and structures of this films products, respectively. The current density–voltage characteristics (I–V) of the diodes were measured at room temperature. The important junction parameters such as series resistance (Rs), the ideality factor (n) and the barrier height (b) were determined by performing different plots from the forward bias I–V characteristics. Norde function was compared with the Cheung functions and it is seen that there is a good agreement with both method for the series resisance values.

Biography:

Xinli Tian completed his PhD from Mechanical Engineering Department of Tianjin University in1996 and Post-doctoral studies from Jilin University in 1998. He is the Professor and Doctoral tutor of National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Technology, Academy of Armed Forces Engineering. He has engaged in the basic and applied research in the field of high efficiency and low cost precision machining of engineering ceramics over the years. He has published more than 200 papers in domestic and foreign core journals and 87 of them can be searched by SCI or EI. He has published 6 monographs as the chief editor. He has obtained the authorization of 10 national invention patents as the first applicant.

Abstract:

Edge-chipping referred to the fact that the edges of hard, brittle materials are easily broken during processing. This problem has brought many difficulties to their quality control. In fact, it was that the machining process itself destroyed materials, even though it could be controlled. Based on this principle, a new machining technology based on crack propagation driven by edge-chipping effect was proposed here. Multiple flanges caused by the cutting could increase the number of edges. Additionally, the fracture defects were prefabricated on the surface of flanges. When the turning tool made of cemented carbide came into contact with the surface of the ceramics, under the intermittent impact. The fractures were generated on the sides of flanges contacted with the tool and the prefabricated micro cracks were expanded rapidly under this three-dimensional stress field applied externally by the tool. In addition, due to the stress release toward the free surface, the cracks would expand to the surfaces of newly generated edges and the chips would be broken off continuously, resulting in irregular edge-chipping and removal of material pieces. Furthermore, based on the spatial distribution of grayscale images, the surface quality after rough processing under the different conditions was reasonably reflected with the grayscale co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). With the new processing technology, these cracks became advantageous under specific conditions. Therefore, the high external energy and ultra-hard tools required for the traditional processing technologies could be significantly reduced and the ceramics could be removed with less energy consumption and the tools with the hardness of lower than its own one. Therefore, it not only could reduce the processing costs, but also could promote the extensive applications of engineering ceramic materials.

Biography:

Ajay Kumar Mishra has completed his PhD from Delhi University and Post-doctoral studies from University Free State and University of Johannesburg at the Department of Chemistry. He is also working as “Adjunct Professor” at Jiangsu University, China which is a well known University in China. He has published around 100 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

This workshop will be mainly focused mainly on various nanoceramic materials and its applications. This will generate a common ground for the researchers to share ideas. The interest in the area is growing due to excellent materials with unusual materials properties by manipulating the length scale in the nano range. This results in better performance materials with new applications and various areas.

It is well known that any new research and breakthrough in such emerging research area needs focused discussion what potentially can enables to new ideas and also in networking by international meeting in the form of workshop. Workshop may lead to structure-property relationship to nanoceramic materials.  In the technical session various aspects of nanoceramics at the research level on production and various other applications will be discussed together with the discussion with eminent scientists.

Biography:

Jihui Yang has completed his PhD in 2000 from University of Michigan. Jihui Yang is currently the Kyocera Associate Professor at Materials Science and Engineering Department of the University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Prior to joining the University of Washington in the Fall of 2011, he was a Technical Fellow and Lab Group Manager at GM Research and Development Center, responsible for leading GM’s research on Li-ion battery materials and systems; as well as advanced thermoelectric materials and technology development.

Abstract:

Introducing guests into a host framework to form a so called inclusion compound can be used to design materials with new and fascinating functionalities. The vast majority of inclusion compounds have electropositive guests with neutral or negatively charged frameworks. Here, we show a series of electronegative guest filled skutterudites with inverse polarity. The strong covalent guest-host interactions observed for the electronegative group VIA guests, i.e., S and Se, feature a unique localized “cluster vibration” which significantly influences the lattice dynamics, resulting in very low lattice thermal conductivity values. The findings of electronegative guests provide a new perspective for guest-filling in skutterudites, and the covalent filler/lattice interactions lead to an unusual lattice dynamics phenomenon which can be used for designing high-efficiency thermoelectric materials and novel functional inclusion compounds with open structures.

Biography:

Ajay Kumar Mishra has completed his PhD from Delhi University and Post-doctoral studies from University Free State and University of Johannesburg at the Department of Chemistry. He is also working as “Adjunct Professor” at Jiangsu University, China which is a well known University in China. He has published around 100 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

Silicon carbide (SiC) nano-materials are widely investigated due to their unique and fascinating properties such as high strength, good creep, oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures, chemical inertness, thermal stability and resistance to corrosion. Numerous applications of SiC nano-materials such as their use as semi-conducting devices, for reinforcement in ceramic composites, in metal matrix composites and catalytic supports have been investigated worldwide. Sol-gel process combined with the techniques such as polymer blending is used to fabricate the organic-inorganic hybrid materials for the production of composite nano-materials such as SiC. In the sol-gel process and polymer blend technique, sol-gel derived silica was blended with coal tar pitch, polypropylene-polystyrene blend and polycarbonate to yield silicon carbide nano-fibers. Unbleached and bleached soft wood pulps were used as templates and carbon precursors to produce SiC nano-rods. Hydrolyzed tetraethyl ortho-silicate, silicic acid was infiltrated into the pulps followed by carbo-thermal reduction to form SiC nano-rods. We have synthesized SiC from the hybrid of bio-polymer using sol-gel process via carbo-thermal reduction. This talk will focus on the synthesis, properties and applications of silicon carbide nano ceramic materials using different source of polymer/organic waste.

Biography:

Shabana P S Shaikh has completed her PhD from RTM Nagpur University Nagpur, and she has completed her Postdoctoral studies from National University of Malaysia, Malaysia. She has published her work in several high impact international journals. She is currently doing her second Postdoctoral research at SBP Pune University, Pune India With Prof Dr.Kiran Adhi. She is the reviewer for few international good impact journal such as Hydrogen energy and Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. She is a regular member of International Academy of Electrochemical Science.

Abstract:

The present work is focused on the comparative analysis of electrochemical and structural properties of anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and the influence of factors affected on electrode performance. The Cu0.5Ce0.5O2-ẟ was prepared by CitrateeNitrate route (CNP) and its formation is confirmed by XRD. The crystallite size of anode materials decreases with change of synthesis route. The highest conductivity is found to be 3.7×102 and 5.2×102 S cm2 at 660 oC before and after reduction for CNP with suitable mechanical strength. The electrochemical performance of anode/electrolyte/anode interface of Cu0.5Ce0.5O2-ẟ is studied after reduction in presence of gas mixture (10%H2 + 90%N2) using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The conductivity for the Cell-800 prepared by CNP in presence of gas (10%H2 + 90%N2) shows lowest activation energy 1.28 eV. Thus, CNP is most promising method for obtaining the suitable anode material for the application of SOFC than UreaeNitrate Process (UNP) and GlycineeNitrate Process (GNP).

Biography:

Isiaka Oluwole Oladele obtained his Master’s and PhD in the area of natural-fibre reinforced polymer composites in the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Dr. Oladele has supervised undergraduate and post graduate research and has published in both local and international journals and conference proceedings in this area.

Abstract:

This work was carried out to investigate the reinforcement potential of cow bone particle in epoxy matrix. The cow bone was procured from abattoir as waste and was washed, sundried, calcined, pulverized and sieve to obtain -75 µm that was used for the development of the composites. The composites were developed by varying the reinforcement and the matrix in predetermined proportions using open mould production method. The composites were formed into tensile, flexural and wear samples. The cured samples were tested from where it was discovered that the reinforcement had enhanced the mechanical and wear properties of the material. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to examine the dispersion mode of the cow bone particle in the epoxy matrix. From the results, wear and flexural properties of the developed composites were better enhanced than the unreinforced epoxy matrix that was used as the control however; the tensile properties were not properly enhanced relatively. The results revealed that the composites can be used as biomedical implants.

Biography:

Sergei Kulkov has completed his Graduation and Post-graduation in Physics department from Tomsk State University in the year 1975 and 1979 respectively. He has published around 150 articles, has 24 Russian patents and is the author and co-author of 6 books. He is a member of American Ceramic Society. He is a Professor of Material Sciences department and Head of the Department of Theory of Strength and Mechanics of Solids at Tomsk State University and also Head of Ceramics department at the Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Abstract:

Materials with negative thermal expansion have received attention of researchers in recent decades. Scientific interest determined the establishment of the causes and explanation of the unique thermal behavior of this group of materials. Materials contracting upon heating can solve the technical problem towards the incompatibility of thermal expansion of the constructional design elements. The combination of materials with positive and negative values of thermal expansion in the required ratio allows obtaining materials with low/zero thermal expansion. The field of application of composite materials is widely included areas such as the production of high-precision optical mirrors, the thermal protection of descent module. Using of additive technology can produce ceramic components of complex shape. Morphology and properties of ZrW2O7(OH)2*2H2O-precursor and ZrW2O8, obtained under the conditions of hydrothermal synthesis were studied. Using the high-temperature X-ray analysis established the mechanism of formation of zirconium tungstate. The influence of temperature on the structure and properties of materials was carried out. The morphology of ZrW2O7(OH)2•2H2O and ZrW2O8 powders was similar and consisted of whisker – like particles, what evidenced by isomorphism of crystals. The effect of temperature on the structure and properties of powders was investigated. The change in the size and shape of samples, wetting angle, the contact angle between the sample and the substrate were determined. It was established that the wetting angle remained almost unchanged up to 900 K. A further increase of the temperature up to 1300±23 K led to the decrease and subsequently the increase the θ values, associated with material spreading on the substrate upon heating. High temperature in situ X-ray studies has shown that zirconium tungstate formed through X-Ray amorphous phase at 625±25 K and remained stable from room temperature to 823 K. Further increase in temperature led to decomposition of zirconium tungstate caused by the change of the lattice structure by restructuring ZrW2O8 atoms to form sublattices of WO3 and ZrO2. It have been shown that during sintering Al – ZrW2O8 mixtures were observed a decomposition of ZrW2O8 and formation of WAl12 и ZrAl3 on first stage and after 5 hours holding zirconium tungstate formed again whisker-like shape.

Biography:

Romain Lucas has completed his PhD from the University of Limoges (France). He is a Lecturer at the Laboratory SPCTS in the group “Ceramics under environmental stresses”, where he takes care of the transversal team “Synthesis and functionalisation”. His current research interests is in the “High Performance Ceramics” team, focused on: the syntheses of original preceramic polymers in the Zr/Si/C system, including a core-shell approach; the role of the interfaces between ceramic and organic materials; and the sintering abilities of these new hybrid materials. He is the author and co-author of 28 publications.

Abstract:

In the race for high-performance materials, the non-oxide ceramics have a special position. Particularly, zirconium carbide (ZrC) and silicon carbide (SiC) are known as high refractory ceramics with interesting thermomechanical properties. In ZrC-SiC composites, the combination of the passivating character of silicon carbide and the high melting temperature, hardness and thermal stability of zirconium carbide, should lead to high-performance ceramics. To fabricate such materials, a polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) route may be a promising way to avoid chemical heterogeneity and obtain high performance composites with a homogeneous microstructure. Here, the idea was to use a chemical process to access ZrC-SiC composites presenting for example an original architecture such as a core-shell form, consisting of a core of ZrC covered with a layer of SiC. To reach this composite, steps of functionalisation and polymer grafting could be performed onto the ZrC surface, to covalently attach macromolecules on the ceramics, and to ideally confine the pyrolysed SiC ceramic onto ZrC. During these syntheses, a control of several physicochemical characterisations will be needed, such as the rheology and the chemical composition of these organic-ceramic systems. In this way, a DFT approach of ZrC surfaces, as well as a Rheo-FTIR study of the original polymeric precursors, will be described. Furthermore, a focus will be systematically established on the thermal behaviour and the microstructural evolution of the material.

Biography:

H Msouni is currently a PhD student in the University of Cadi Ayyad (Morocco). She is working on a project in collaboration with the University of the Littoral Cote d’Opale (France) financed by PHC (Hubert Curien TOUBKAL Program).

Abstract:

The dielectric properties and microstructure of co-doped B-site and A-site BaTiO3 solid solution of the type (Ba,M)(Ti,M’)O3 were investigated. The influence of extremely small amount of Sr, Sn, Zr and Ca dopants on the microstructure and the dielectric characteristics of BaTiO3 were studied systematically. These compositions were designed using the conventional mixed oxide technique and the XRD analysis results indicated that no secondary phase was formed. The microstructure of sintered pellets was studied by SEM at room temperature. The dielectric measurements showed that the BSTZ ceramic present the highest permittivity at 25°C and 100 kHz with the value of 2600, whereas the crystallite size was found to approach 32.3 nm. The BaTiO3 ceramic with Sr at A-site has no phase transition above room temperature, while ceramics with Sn at B-site present ferroelectric – parraelectric transition with sharp transition. Finally, the ceramic with Zr at B-site exhibit normal ferroelectric-parraelectric transition with Tc=97°C. The effect of doping was been studied and analyzed using the AC complex impedance spectroscopy technique to obtain the electrical parameters of polycrystalline samples in a wide frequency range at different temperatures. The piezoelectric properties were also studied.

Biography:

Nathan Newman serves as the Lawrence Professor of Solid State Sciences and is a faculty member in the Materials Program at Arizona State University. Current work involves synthesis, characterization and modeling of novel superconductor junctions and materials, III-N semiconductors, low loss microwave dielectrics and novel photovoltaic material. He has authored or co-authored over 200 technical papers and 12 patents. He received the IEEE Van Duzer award, is a Fellow of the IEEE and the American Physical Society. He serves as an Editor for Materials in the IEEE Trans. of Appl. Superconductivity and has served as Chair of the U.S. Committee on Superconductor Electronics and ASU’s LeRoy Eyring Center for Solid State Sciences.

Abstract:

We have determined the physical nature and concentration of performance-degrading point defects in the dielectrics of superconducting planar microwave resonators using in-situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. This has been accomplished by measuring parallel plate and stripline resonator quality-factors as a function of the magnitude of a magnetic-field applied parallel to the electrode surfaces. YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) thin film electrodes proved to be a preferred choice over Nb and MgB2 because they are readily available and have a small surface resistance (Rs) up to high temperatures (~77 K) and magnetic fields (i.e. < 1 Tesla). Measurements of stripline resonators with Mn2+ and Co2+-doped Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3 and Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 dielectrics are found to have losses dominated by spin-excitations (i.e. EPR absorption) in the dielectric, even without an applied magnetic field. Measurements of parallel-plate-resonators using very-pure sputtered Si dielectric layers on an unheated substrate are found to have a ~7 x 1018 cm-3 concentration of paramagnetic defects with properties similar to that reported in amorphous Si. Annealing is found to annihilate the paramagnetic defects to below measureable quantities.

Biography:

G Kavei completed his BSc in Applied Physics from Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran, MSc degree in Atomic Physics from the Southampton University, UK and PhD in Surface Physics from the Keele University, UK. He is a member of Iranian Crystallography Association (ICA) and Iranian Physics Society (IPS). He has coauthored approximately 11 books, and has published over 85 publications on various aspects of atomic physics, thermoelectric, TiO2 thin film, SPM application, ITO thin film and nano-science and technology. He was also a Lecturer at several universities in Iran teaching different subject in Electron Physics. Currently, he is a Research Professor at the Material and Energy Research Centre (MERC) in Tehran, Iran.

Abstract:

Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) has been considered as an ideal photocatalyst due to its chemical properties. This paper is discusses about how TiO2 nanoparticle in a thin film work as a photocatalyst for self-cleaning purpose and in future we prove how doping increase photocatalytic activation in visible light range. In this work, nanostructured TiO2 thin films were grown by spray pyrolysis technique on glass substrates at 400°C. TiO2 thin films were then annealed at 600-1000°C in the air for a period of 3 hours. The samples were characterized at several views; thickness of the films was measured by Focused Ion Beam (FIB) and field ion beam. The effect of annealing on the structure, morphology and optical properties was studied. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements confirmed that the films grown by this technique have good crystalline structure and homogeneous surface. The study also reveals that the RMS value of thin film roughness increased with increasing annealing temperature. The optical properties of the films were studied by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The optical transmission results showed that the transmission over ~65%, which decrease with the increasing of annealing temperatures.

Biography:

Toshinori Okura completed his Doctorate in Glass Materials Science at the Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan, in 1990. He is serving as a Professor at the University from 2010. He joined the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, USA, as a visiting scientist in 1997-1998. He won the scientific prizes from the Japanese Association of Inorganic Phosphate Chemistry in 2008 and the Society of Inorganic Materials, Japan in 2010, respectively, for his great success.

Abstract:

The disposal of radioactive waste generated by the nuclear fuel cycle is among the most pressing and potentially costly environmental problems. The high level nuclear wastes (HLW) are immobilized in a stable solid state and completely isolated from the biosphere. Nuclear waste glasses are typically borosilicate glasses, and these glass compositions can experience phase separation at elevated concentrations of P2O5. For some waste streams, this can require considerable dilution and a substantial increase in the volume of the waste glass produced. Magnesium and Zinc phosphate glasses are classified as ‘anomalous phosphate glasses’, which exhibit anomalies in the relationship between physical properties, such as density and refractive index, and MO/P2O5 (M/P) (M=Mg, Zn) molar ratio around the metaphosphate composition (M/P=1). Most of the phosphate glasses form high polyphosphate consisting of chains of phosphate ions, while the structures of M-P glasses and Z-P glasses are of 2 types, one includes 4 membered rings of PO4 tetrahedra at M/P<1 (type T) and the other contains dimers of PO4 tetrahedra at M/P>1 (type P). In this study, M-P, Z-P, M-Z-P glasses are chosen as the base glass. Simulated HLW was incorporated into the base glass to study its effects on the leaching behavior of M-P, Z-P, M-Z-P glasses for nuclear waste immobilization. The gross leach rates and the leach rates of each constituent element of the sample in water at 90°C were determined from the total weight loss of the specimen and chemical analysis of leachate solution.